His courtesy name was Gongmei, and he was the people of Henei in the Tang Dynasty. He also was a scholar, and had been the Prime Minister.

Pei Xiu once lived in Wuzhen, and his house was the first private garden in the history of Wuzhen. The building was grand. There were pavilions, rockery and famous trees in the garden, extremely delicate and elegant. The porch was long enough to hide the sun, so the folks in Wuzhen said that there is no day and night, which showed the grandeur of its scale.

Pei Xiu was quite religious in his Buddhist beliefs and had deeper relation in Zen. In the history of Zen, Pei Xiu had the same important status as the contemporary Pang Yun, Bai Letian, Li Ao, and Lu Gen. He was good at writing articles, and his style was the similar as “Ou Yangxiu & Liu Zongyuan”. His calligraphy looked like the form of “Liu”, but the style was more charming, the structure was rigorous and precise, and the pen is really tight. Jiefeng Zen Master Monument was the standard book of the Tang Dynasty, which was written by Pei Xiu and published by Liu Gongquan. There was also the Ding Hui Zen Master Monument, the full name of which is Tang Ming Guifeng Ding Hui Shi Chuan Fa Monument, also known as Jifeng Monument. In the 9th year of Tang Dazhong (855), Pei Xiu's consolidated a book and Liu Gongquan sealed. The monument now was in the Caotang Temple in Hu County, Shaanxi Province. The main body of it has thirty-six lines, and sixty-five words and the seal script has 9 words. The earliest extension version existing is of Ming Dynasty. Mi Fu's Haiyue Famous Quotes commented: “the Monument written by Pei Xiu was full of interests”.